Table 3 Effect of oral administration of cinnamaldehyde and costunolide on fasting blood glucose, insulin, HbA1c % and HOMA-IR in HFD fed rats for 30 days

Control

85.33^c ± 5.36

0.98^b ± 0.09

3.43^b ± 0.19

0.21c ± 0.03

HFD

167.00^a ± 7.09

1.66^a ± 0.11

5.70^a ± 0.52

0.68a ± 0.04

HFD+ Cinnmaldehyde (40 mg/kg)

91.00^c ± 3.21

1.56^a ± 0.17

3.50^b ± 0.10

0.34b ± 0.03

HFD+ Costunolide (20 mg/kg)

123.00^b ± 8.71

1.34^ab ± 0.19

4.23^b ± 0.27

0.40b ± 0.03

HFD+ Metformin (300 mg/kg)

111.67^b ± 5.54

1.37^ab ± 0.12

3.63^b ± 0 .34

0.34b ± 0 .04