From: Risk assessment and the adsorptive removal of some pesticides from synthetic wastewater: a review
Adsorbents | Pesticides | Experimental conditions | Isotherm model | Kinetic model | Maximum adsorption capacity (mg/g) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Activated carbon-cloth | Dinoseb, ametryn, diuron , aldicarb | T = 25 °C t = 125 min Co= 6.5 × 10−5 mol/L | F | Ps1 or Ps2 | 301.84 (Dinoseb); 354.61 (ametryn); 213.06 (diuron); 421.58 (aldicarb) | [89] |
Borassus aethiopum shells-based activated carbon | Carbofuran | Adsorbent dose = 0.15 g pH = 2–12 T = 30 °C t = 18 h Co = 30–200 mg/L | L | Ps2 | 160 | [17] |
Granular activated carbon (GAC F300) | Carbofuran and 2,4-D | Adsorbent dose = 0.20 g pH = 6.35 and 3.5 T = 30 °C t = 26 h (carbofuran) and 8 h (2,4-D) Co = 50–225 mg/L (carbofuran) and 50–300 mg/L (2,4-D) | L | Ps2 | 96.15 (Carbofuran); 181.82 (2,4-D) | [38] |
Date seed activated carbon | Bentazon and carbofuran | Adsorbent dose = 0.20 g pH = 2–12 T = 30 °C t = 0–36 h Co = 25–250 mg/L | F | Ps2 | 86.26 (bentazon); 137.04 (carbofuran) | [40] |
Mesoporous activated carbon from starch (ACS) | Atrazine, pymetrozine, acetamiprid, diuron, thiacloprid, imazalil, difenoconazole, azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin, and chlorantraniliprole | Adsorbent dose = 5 to 120 mg) pH = 1–11 T = 25 °C t = 0–4 h Co = 0.5–2 mg/ L | L | Ps2 | 66.2 (pyraclostrobin) | [42] |
Waste rubber tire activated carbon | methoxychlor, atrazine and methyl parathion | Adsorbent dose = 0.02–0.14 g/L pH = 2–12 T = 25–45 °C t = 0–150 min Co = 2–12 mg/L | L | Ps1 | 112.0 (methoxychlor); 104.9 (atrazine); 88.9 (methyl parathio) | [43] |
Mesoporous activated carbon from coconut frond | Carbofuran | Adsorbent dose = 0.20 g pH = 2–12 T = 30–50 °C t = 0–16 h Co = 25–250 mg/l | F | Ps2 | 198.4 (30 °C); 193.1 (40 °C); 205.0 (50 °C) | [48] |
Activated carbon from waste hemp | Acetamiprid, dimethoate, nicosulfuron, carbofuran, and atrazine | Adsorbent dose = 0.20 g T = 25 °C t = 0–200 min Co = 10–50 mg/L | F | – | 12.20 (acetamiprid,); 11.80 (dimethoate); 19.50 (nicosulfuron); 15.40 (carbofuran); 15.50 (atrazine) | [49] |
Coconut shell activated carbon | Malathion | Adsorbent dose = 1.0 g T = 30–80 °C t = 30–300 min Co = 7 μg/L | L | – | 909.1 | [50] |
NH4Cl-induced activated carbon | Diazinon | pH = 2–10 T = 25–40 °C t = 0–6 h Co = 2–10 mg/L NAC concentration (0.1–0.3 g/L) | L | Ps2 | 250.00 | [51] |
Treated watermelon peels | Methyl parathion | Adsorbent dose = 0.05–1 g pH = 1–10 T = 10–50 °C t = 10–100 min Co = 0.38–3.8 × 10−4 mol/L | D–R | Ps1 | 24.3 ± 1.6 μmol/g | [90] |
Chestnut shells | Imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and thiamethoxam | Adsorbent dose = 7.2 g pH = acidic T = 25 °C t = 48 h Co = 5 mg/L | F | Ps2 | 8.5070 (imidacloprid); 4.6984 (acetamiprid); 14.310 (thiamethoxam) | [91] |
Fungus Pleurotus mutilus | Metribuzin | Adsorbent dose = 1–4 g pH = 2–8 T = 25 °C t = 0–25 min Co = 100–400 mg/L Particle size = 0–625 μm | – | – | 3.3 | [96] |
Graphitic carbon nanostructures from filter paper | 2,4-D | Adsorbent dose = 2 mg pH = 2–10 T = 30 °C t = 0–24 h Co = 9–300 mg/L | R–P | E and M-e | 77.13 | [52] |
Graphitic carbon nanostructures from cotton | 2,4-D | Adsorbent dose = 2 mg pH = 2–10 T = 30 °C t = 0–24 h Co = 9–300 mg/L | R–P | E and M-e | 26.93 | [52] |
Phenyl-modified magnetic graphene/mesoporous silica | Avermectin, imidacloprid, pyridaben, dichlorvos, acetamiprid, dursban, isocarbophos, and phoxim | Adsorbent dose = 100 mg pH = 2–12 T = 25–35 °C t = 0–2 h Co = 391–48430 μg/L | F | Ps1 | 9.208 (Avermectin); 6.404 (Imidacloprid); 12.72 (Pyridaben); 47.78 (Dichlorvos); 5.108 (Acetamiprid); 8.010 (Dursban); 2.877 (Isocarbophos); 8.233 (Phoxim) | [53] |
Mesoporous carbon derived from a biopolymer and a clay | Dicamba Pestanal | Adsorbent dose = 30 mg pH = 2–11 T = 25–55 °C t = 0.3–2 h Co = 25–1000 mg/L | L | Ps2 | 251.9 | [54] |
Graphene oxide-based silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with 2-phenylethylamine | Chlorpyrifos, parathion, and malathion | Adsorbent dose = 2–40 mg pH = 3–11 T = 25 °C t = 0–1 h Co = 0.3–5 μg/mL | sips | Ps2 | 25.6 (chlorpyrifos); 135 (parathion); 61.9 (malathion) | [55] |
Four Indian soils | α-endosulfan β-endosulfan | Adsorbent dose = 5 g pH = 2–8 T = 28 °C t = 0.25–24 h Co = 0.15–100 mg/L | L | – | 0.10–0.45 (α-endosulfan) 0.094–0.272 (β-endosulfan) | [99] |
Natural montmorillonite | Ametryn | Adsorbent dose = 0.20 g pH = 2–12 T = 30–50 °C t = 0–7 h Co = 25–150 mg/L | L | Ps2 | 188.81 | [59] |
Polyaniline/BEA zeolite composites | Nicosulfuron | Adsorbent dose = 20 mg pH = 5 T = 23 °C t = 0–40 h Co = 10–100 mg/L | L-F | – | 18.4–25.4 (Protonated PANI/BEA composites); 18.2 (pristine BEA zeolite); 29.8 (PANIs) | [102] |
Magnetic graphene oxide–cyclodextrin | Thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, clothianidin, and thiacloprid | Adsorbent dose = 5 mg pH = 2–11 t = 0–120 min Co = 0.5–100 mg/L | F | Ps2 | 0.558 (thiamethoxam); 0.363 (imidacloprid); 0.362 (acetamiprid); 0.639 (nitenpyram); 0.533 (dinotefuran); 0.412 (clothianidin), and 0.275 (thiacloprid) | [60] |
LaFe0.9Co0.1O3 | Vitavax | Adsorbent dose = 1–3 g/L T = 15–45 °C t = 5–40 min Co = 200–800 mg/L | L | Ps1 | 166.67 | [64] |
LaFe0.1Co0.9O3 | Vitavax | Adsorbent dose = 1–3 g/L T = 15–45 °C t = 5–40 min Co = 200–800 mg/L | L | Ps1 | 142.86 | [64] |
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes | Diazinon | Adsorbent dose = 0.1 and 0.3 g/L pH = 4 and 7 T = 24 °C t = 1–15 min Co = 0–100 mg/L | – | – | – | [62] |
Modified chitosan material | Pentachlorophenol | Adsorbent dose = 0.02–0.20 g pH = 2–12 T = 20–40 °C t = 0–3 h Co = 0–100 mg/L | R-P | Ps2 | 36.85 (20 °C); 32.19 (30 °C); 22.35 (40 °C) | [63] |
Algerian palygorskite modified with magnetic iron (Pur Pal); (FeO Pal1); (FeO Pal2); | Linuron | Adsorbent dose = 0.025 g to 0.2 g T = 20 °C t = 0–1400 min Co = 0.5–10 mg/L | F | Ps2 | Pur Pal-545; FeO Pal1-1099; FeO Pal2-1695 | [67] |
Copper modified microcrystalline cellulose | Prometryn | Adsorbent dose = 0.1–1.5 g pH = 2–14 T = 30–50 °C t = 0–24 h Co = 30–150 mg/L Shaking speed = 100–250 rpm | L | Ps2 | 97.80 | [68] |