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Table 8 Parameters of Cu2+ adsorption thermodynamics [104]

From: Fly ash-based geopolymers: an emerging sustainable solution for heavy metal remediation from aqueous medium

Samples

Alkali activation

Temperature T (K)

ΔG° (kJ/mol)

ΔH° (kJ/mol)

ΔS° (J/mol K)

FA

–

298

 − 32.00

6.18

128.11

313

 − 34.51

333

 − 36.49

Na-GP

NaOH

298

 − 39.38

8.12

159.39

313

 − 42.57

333

 − 44.96

K-GP

KOH

298

 − 37.31

8.05

152.20

313

 − 40.35

333

 − 42.63

NaSil-GP

NaOH + Na2SiO3

298

 − 36.57

9.97

156.15

313

 − 39.69

333

 − 42.03

KSil-GP

KOH + Na2SiO3

298

 − 36.37

8.16

149.42

313

 − 39.36

333

 − 41.60