Fig. 2
Gross morphological change of gastric mucosa. a The normal control group exhibited a normal gastric mucosa architecture which exhibited no signs of hemorrhagic lesions or ulceration. b Ulcerated rats showed extensive and severe hemorrhagic gastric mucosal lesions. c Ulcerated rats treated with SOIE (100 mg/kg body weight) exhibited less hemorrhagic lesions of the gastric mucosa compared with the control group. d Ulcerated rats treated with SOIE (200 mg/kg body weight) showed a marked recovery as indicated by no hemorrhagic bands or injuries. e Gastric severity score of different ulcerated groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 6). Values with different superscript letters are significantly different (P < 0.05). Blue arrow = hemorrhagic band. SOIE100: Sepia officinalis ink extract (100 mg/kg body weight); SOIE200: Sepia officinalis ink extract (200 mg/kg body weight)