Table 2 Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy applications for the determination of pesticides
No. | Instrumental technique | Determination attributes | References |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Mid- and near-infrared | Metribuzin in agrochemicals Describes diuron sorption in soils | Khanmohammadi et al. [92] |
2 | NIR | Pesticide determination in commercial formulations Detecting the chlorpyrifos content (organochlorine pesticide) Determination of active ingredients of agrochemicals Detection of pesticide phoxim residues | Armenta et al. [13], Brunet et al. [31], Sun et al. [168], Shen et al. [163] |
3 | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy | Propamocarb in emulsifiable pesticide concentrate formulations | Quintás et al. [150] |
4 | FT-IR-DRS | Classification of pesticide residues in agricultural products based on concentration | Makio et al. [115] |
5 | NIR/dry extracts | Resolution of acephate, dichlofluanid, and tetrachloro-isophthalonitrile | Saranwong and Kawano [159] |
6 | NIR–Raman | Quantitative analysis of methyl parathion pesticide | Sato-Berrú et al. [160] |