Table 7 The penalty points (a) and Green Analytical Procedure Index (b) for the determination of TIG in intravenous infusion solution
(a) Analytical Eco-scale | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reagents/instruments | Penalty points | ||||
CZE method | Spectrophotometric methods | Reported RP-HPLC method (3) | |||
Method I | Method II | Method III | |||
Acetonitrile | – | – | – | – | 12 |
1-Hexane sulfonic acid sodium salt | – | – | – | – | 3 |
Potassium hydroxide | – | – | – | – | 4 |
Phosphoric acid | 2 | – | – | – | 2 |
Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate | Not hazardous | – | – | – | Not hazardous |
Dextrose 5% | Not hazardous | Not hazardous | Not hazardous | Not hazardous | – |
Methanol | – | 6 | – | – | – |
0.1 N HCl | – | – | 1 | 1 | – |
0.1 N NaOH | – | – | 2 | – | – |
DMF | – | – | – | 6 | – |
MBTH | – | – | – | 2 | – |
Ceric ammonium sulfate | – | – | – | 1 | – |
Heating < 1 h | – | – | – | 2 | – |
UV–Vis Spectrophotometry | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
HPLC | – | – | – | – | 1 |
CE-DAD | 2 | – | – | – | – |
Occupational hazard | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Waste > 10 Ml | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Total penalty points | 9 | 11 | 8 | 17 | 27 |
Analytical Eco-Scale total score | 91 | 89 | 92 | 83 | 73 |
(b) Green Analytical Procedure Index | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reagents/instruments | Proposed CZE method | Reported spectrophotometric methods | Reported RP-HPLC method (3) | ||
Method I | Method II | Method III | |||
Sample preparation | |||||
Collection (1) | At-line | At-line | At-line | At-line | At-line |
Preservation (2) | None | None | None | None | None |
Transport (3) | None | None | None | None | None |
Storage (4) | Under normal conditions | Under normal conditions | Under normal conditions | Under normal conditions | Under normal conditions |
Type of method: direct or indirect (5) | Filtration | No sample preparation | No sample preparation | No sample preparation | Filtration and degasing |
Scale of extraction (6) | Micro-extraction | Micro-extraction | Micro-extraction | Micro-extraction | Micro-extraction |
Solvents/reagents used (7) | Green solvents/reagents used | Non-green solvents/reagents used | Non-green solvents/reagents used | Non-green solvents/reagents used | Non-green solvents/reagents used |
Additional treatments (8) | None | None | None | None | None |
Reagent and solvents | |||||
Amount (9) | 10–100 mL | 10–100 Ml | 10–100 mL | 10–100 mL | > 100 mL |
Health hazard (10) (NFPA health hazard score) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 and 2 | 1, 2 and 3 |
Safety hazard (11) (instability score) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Instrumentation | |||||
Energy (12) | ≤ 1.5 kWh per sample | ≤ 0.1 kWh per sample | ≤ 0.1 kWh per sample | ≤ 0.1 kWh per sample | ≤ 1.5 kWh per sample |
Occupational hazard (13) | – | – | – | – | – |
Waste (14) | 1–10 mL | 1–10 mL | 1–10 mL | 1–10 mL | 1–10 mL |
Waste treatment (15) | No treatment | No treatment | No treatment | No treatment | No treatment |
Quantification | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |