Table 2 Details of nanoparticles synthesized by various halophiles

Halococcus salifodinae

Whole cell

Tellurium nanoparticles (TeNPs)

Needle shaped

Diameter of 10 nm and length of 44 nm

Tellurite reductase was responsible for tellurite resistance and nanoparticle synthesis

Antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria

[54]

Bacillus megaterium

Whole cell

Selenium nanoparticle

Spherical

200 nm

N/D

Reduction in selenite

[56]

Halomonas eurihalina

Whole cell

Graphene oxide (GO)

Doubled layered graphene sheet

≈ 2.7 nm

Bacterial anaerobic reduction of GO

Enzyme encapsulation, biomaker of cancer

[57]

Halobacillus sp.

Whole cell

Cadmium quantum Dots (Cd-QDs)

Regular polyhedral

3.56 nm

Interaction of sulphide (S2 −) and metal ion

Biomedical applications

[58]

Salinicoccus sp.

Whole cell

Lead and nickel nanoparticle

N/D

Lead 80–100, nickel 10–20 nm

N/D

Heavy metal bioremediation

[55]

Halobacterium sp.

Gas vesicles

Gas vesicle nanoparticles (GVNPs)

Spindle-shaped vesicles

N/D

Gene fusion

Bioengineering for vaccine development

[59]

Halomonas maura

Exopolysaccharide

ZnS:Mn-Quatum dots

Nanoclusters

10 − 20 nm

Anionic binding

Fluorescent agent for in vitro imaging

[60]

Geomicrobium sp.

Extracellular enzymes (protease)

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs)

N/D

70 nm

Ionic interaction

Increasing stability of protein

[61]

Halomonas salifodiane

Polyhydroxyalkanoates PHA

Poly (3 HV-co-3HB)-based nanoparticles

Polymeric granules

179 ± 12.1 nm

Emulsification–diffusion mode of PHA and nanoparticles

Antibacterial agent

[62]

Cupriavidus necator

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)

Spherical

76–95 nm

Nucleation effect of nanoparticles

Biodegradable plastics, antimicrobial agent against the food-borne pathogens

[63]