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Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

Table 3 Pesticide residues, reduction rates and their PFs achieved with the present applications

From: Efficacy of some washing solutions for removal of pesticide residues in lettuce

Treatment

Sulfoxaflor

Fluopcolide

Fluopyram

Pyrimethanil

Pyraclostrobin

Deltamethrin

Boscalid

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Mean residue

(µg kg−1) (± SD)

PF

Reduction (%)

Unwashed

6229 ± 101

  

1893 ± 29

  

1206 ± 54

  

2909 ± 24

  

2379 ± 21

  

545 ± 54

  

7118 ± 98

  

Cold tap water (20 °C)

212 ± 9

0.03

96.59

1341 ± 25

0.70

29.18

259 ± 3

0.21

78.49

1293 ± 18

0.44

55.53

462 ± 3

0.19

80.50

248 ± 11

0.45

54.48

1610 ± 64

0.22

77.38

Hot tap water (40 °C)

237 ± 2

0.03

96.20

769 ± 23

0.40

59.39

266 ± 7

0.22

77.96

1714 ± 49

0.58

41.06

133 ± 5

0.05

94.40

332 ± 5

0.60

39.26

1535 ± 72

0.21

78.44

Grape vinegar (4% a.acid)

474 ± 8

0.07

92.38

1286 ± 40

0.67

32.06

421 ± 3

0.34

65.12

2150 ± 23

0.73

26.08

465 ± 2

0.19

80.40

234 ± 5

0.42

57.14

1743 ± 48

0.24

73.53

NaCl + grape vinegar

240 ± 4

0.03

96.14

975 ± 21

0.51

48.51

238 ± 8

0.19

80.25

1052 ± 17

0.36

63.83

242 ± 5

0.10

89.79

339 ± 11

0.62

37.83

1833 ± 45

0.25

74.25

Grape vinegar + water

119 ± 3

0.01

98.08

1120 ± 59

0.59

40.82

252 ± 5

0.20

79.10

930 ± 22

0.31

68.01

512 ± 10

0.21

78.37

227 ± 5

0.41

58.45

2946 ± 35

0.41

58.62

Rice vinegar

145 ± 3

0.02

97.66

630 ± 25

0.33

66.71

239 ± 6

0.19

80.16

866 ± 7

0.29

70.23

291 ± 18

0.12

87.73

236 ± 2

0.43

56.74

1768 ± 33

0.24

75.17

Filtered mint water

411 ± 5

0.06

93.40

1271 ± 78

0.67

32.87

302 ± 9

0.25

74.96

1616 ± 85

0.55

44.44

262 ± 16

0.11

88.95

385 ± 19

0.70

29.40

1272 ± 27

0.17

82.13

Filtered rice water

470 ± 10

0.07

92.45

445 ± 23

0.23

76.49

234 ± 3

0.19

80.63

744 ± 35

0.25

74.42

395 ± 1

0.16

83.31

414 ± 21

0.76

24.07

1321 ± 28

0.18

81.45

Carbonated water

266 ± 12

0.04

95.72

536 ± 16

0.28

71.66

399 ± 17

0.33

66.94

2004 ± 43

0.68

31.10

108 ± 5

0.04

95.43

257 ± 3

0.42

52.85

910 ± 39

0.12

87.22

Baking soda water

312 ± 21

0.05

94.99

734 ± 49

0.38

61.24

427 ± 34

0.35

64.61

1284 ± 71

0.44

55.87

511 ± 4

0.21

78.44

420 ± 1

0.77

22.98

697 ± 21

0.09

90.21

Grape vinegar (6% a.acid)

305 ± 6

0.04

95.09

878 ± 14

0.46

53.62

327 ± 6

0.27

72.90

1767 ± 52

0.60

39.23

385 ± 3

0.16

83.77

186 ± 3

0.34

66.00

1772 ± 44

0.24

75.12

Grape vinegar (8% a.acid)

152 ± 2

0.02

97.55

1315 ± 23

0.69

30.53

264 ± 2

0.21

78.06

1129 ± 33

0.38

61.19

305 ± 9

0.12

87.10

318 ± 1

0.58

41.70

1983 ± 88

0.27

72.16

Lemon juice

139 ± 9

0.02

97.77

731 ± 56

0.38

61.38

290 ± 16

0.24

75.97

1311 ± 68

0.45

54.91

102 ± 3

0.04

95.67

481 ± 34

0.88

11.88

2060 ± 76

0.28

71.07

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