Pathophysiological effects of Tamiflu on liver and kidneys of male rats

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

Table 1 The effect of Tamiflu on renal histology of various treated groups compared to that of the control group

	G1	G2	G3	G4
Cortices alterations
Glomerulus changes	0.00 ± 0.00	1.38 ± 0.23^***	0.33 ± 0.80	2.48 ± 0.20^***
Capsular thickening	0.00 ± 0.00	0.91 ± 0.26^**	0.19 ± 0.03	1.12 ± 0.18^***
Proximal con. tubule necrosis	0.00 ± 0.00	1.80 ± 0.07^***	0.36 ± 0.10	2.65 ± 0.14^***
Epithelial vacuolation	0.00 ± 0.00	1.39 ± 0.35^***	0.64 ± 0.4^***	2.80 ± 25^***
hypercellularity	0.00 ± 0.00	1.09^* ± 0.41^*	0.20 ± 0.07	2.18 ± 0.30^***
Medullae alteration
Haemorrhage/(extravasated RBCs)	0.00 ± 0.00	0.09 ± 0.10	0.20 ± 0.28	1.93 ± 0.39^***

Data: mean ± SE., 0 = no lesion; 1 = mild effects; 2 = moderate effects; 3 = severe lesions. G1: control, G2: therapeutic design, G3: short-term prophylactic design, G4: long-term prophylactic design. P values: No asterisks = non-significant (P > 0.05), *Significant (P < 0.05), **Highly significant (P < 0.01), ***Very highly significant (P < 0.001) compared to their control, using one-way ANOVA