Fig. 5

A photomicrograph of toluidine blue-stained sections in the left hippocampus of different groups: a–c control: a CA1 and b CA3 regions showing cells of PL, and c SL of DG showing cells of GL. All neurons have large rounded vesicular nuclei (N) with prominent nucleoli (n). The cytoplasm is filled with Nissl’s granules (bifid arrow). Neuronal cell processes are detected (black star). d–f Group II and g–i group III: d, g CA1 and e, h CA3 regions showing PL, and (f, i): DG showing GL. Many pyramidal cells in (d, e) and most of them in (g, h) as well as many granular cells appear irregular and dark with non-observable Nissl’s granules (curved arrow). Clumping of neuronal cell processes (double arrows) is noticed. Some cells are normal, with rounded vesicular nuclei (N), and prominent nucleoli (n) and their cytoplasm is filled with Nissl’s granules (bifid arrow). Neuronal cell processes (black star) and some glial cells are also detected (arrowhead). Some areas are devoid of neuronal tissue (square area) in (g–i). j–l Group IV: j CA1 and k CA3 regions showing PL, and l DG showing cells of GL. Many pyramidal cells and GL cells have rounded vesicular nuclei (N) with prominent nucleoli (n) and basophilic cytoplasm with observable Nissl’s granules (bifid arrow). Neuronal cell processes (black star) are observed. Some cells in (j, K) and few ones in (l) are dark with non-observable Nissl’s granules (curved arrow) and clumping of neuronal cell processes (double arrows). Glial cells are detected (arrowhead). Areas devoid of neuronal tissue are noticed (square area) in (l). [Toluidine blue, × 1000]