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Table 1 Immunohistochemical analysis for FOXP3 positive cells in hippocampal region of different groups: Control (C), epileptic (EP), Valproic acid-treated (EP-VPA), and Culture Filtrate of Trichoderma harzianum–treated (EP-ThCF)

From: Metabolites of Trichoderma harzianum re-balance T-reg/Th-17 cytokine axis in epileptic rats

Animal Groups

Hippocampus Region

Cornu Ammonis-1 (CA1)

Cornu Ammonis-2 (CA2)

Cornu Ammonis-3 (CA3)

Dentate Gyrus (DG)

Control

2.000 ± 0.632a

4.500 ± 1.049a

4.667 ± 1.506a

2.667 ± 0.516a

EP

10.833 ± 1.472c

10.167 ± 1.472b

8.500 ± 1.049b

14.500 ± 2.739b

EP-VPA

7.167 ± 1.169b

3.333 ± 1.966a

3.667 ± 2.251a

4.833 ± 0.983a

EP-ThCF

2.500 ± 1.643a

3.833 ± 3.125a

4.000 ± 1.789a

4.833 ± 4.167a

F value

63.208

14.316

10.291

25.771

P value < 

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

  1. The data were analyzed using the Tukey–Kramer method for post hoc analysis to compare various groups with each other. The means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed the subset of alpha = 0.05. And all values were represented as Mean ± Std and n = 6 animals/group. Means that within the same parameter and not sharing a common superscript symbol(s) differ significantly at P < 0.05. Using ImageJ software is used to analyze the histoarchitecture of the FOXP3 positive cells. Six animals were used in each of the experimental groups to gather quantitative data; each individual had 3–4 high power fields to be examined, and the values were averaged to represent the animal