Table 1 Effect of POLY-CSNPs, POLY, and METF on urea, creatinine, uric acid, MDA, GSH, SOD, POX, CAT, Nrf2, and HO-1 in the studied groups

31.730 ± 4.006

64.366 ± 2.501^###

61.785 ± 0.825

26.092 ± 1.259^***

34.633 ± 0.661^***

28.735 ± 0.228^***

1.857 ± 0.163

3.692 ± 0.246^###

3.618 ± 0.312

1.876 ± 0.087^***

2.025 ± 0.062^***

1.975 ± 0.136^***

2.889 ± 0.048

4.320 ± 0.044^###

4.523 ± 0.102

2.699 ± 0.114^***

2.924 ± 0.094^***

2.889 ± 0.123^***

208.667 ± 34.296

452.539 ± 19.257^###

485.560 ± 24.157

246.695 ± 34.996^***

314.156 ± 15.748^*

275.290 ± 24.526^**

13.060 ± 0.685

6.562 ± 0.174^###

6.739 ± 0.458

13.170 ± 0.779^***

10.926 ± 0.501^**

12.141 ± 1.447^***

1.194 ± 0.094

0.643 ± 0.041^###

0.645 ± 0.051

1.179 ± 0.080^***

1.026 ± 0.061^**

1.130 ± 0.045^***

1.084 ± 0.048

0.571 ± 0.055^###

0.586 ± 0.055

1.059 ± 0.126^***

0.908 ± 0.026^*

0.924 ± 0.017 ^**

0.576 ± 0.056

0.130 ± 0.041^###

0.175 ± 0.031

0.647 ± 0.064^***

0.551 ± 0.057^***

0.573 ± 0.036^***

1.010 ± 0.004

0.353 ± 0.014^###

0.303 ± 0.021

0.827 ± 0.037^***

0.600 ± 0.027^**

0.748 ± 0.018^***

1.510 ± 0.153

0.520 ± 0.042^###

0.587 ± 0.018

1.057 ± 0.046^***

0.823 ± 0.015^*

0.917 ± 0.031^**