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Table 2 The extracted morphological characters (42), their states (107) and codes of the studied taxa

From: Phenetic and cladistic analyses of Boraginaceae Juss.

No.

Character

Character state and its (code)

1.

Habit

Herb (0) Woody shrub (1)

2.

Texture

Glabrous (1) Hairy (0)

3.

Strength

Erect (0) Prostrate (1)

4.

Stem branching

From base (0) Above the base (1)

5.

Basal leaves arrangement

Alternate (1) Opposite (0)

6.

Upper leaves petioles

Pedicelled (0) Sessile to sub-sessile (1)

7.

Lamina composition

Simple (0) Pinnatipartite (1)

8.

Lamina shape

Lanceolate (0) Linear (1) Oblong (2) Ovate (3)

9.

Lamina surface

Wrinkled (0) Smooth (1)

10.

Base of lamina

Symmetric (0) Asymmetric (1)

11.

Leaf veins

Prominent (0) Not prominent (1)

12.

Leaf margin

Entire (0) Serrate (1) Undulate (2)

13.

Leaf apex

Acute (0) Obtuse (1)

14.

Hairs on leaves

Absent (1) Simple (0) Glandular (2) Bulbs (3) Hispid (4) Woolly (5) Simple & glandular (6) Simple & bulbs (7) Simple & hispid (8) Simple & wooly (9) Glandular & hispid (10) Bulb & hispid (11)

15.

Bracteoles

Absent (0) Enclosing calyx (1) Not enclosing calyx (2)

16.

Inflorescence type

Raceme (0) Circinnate (1)

17.

Inflorescence leaves

Leafy (0) Leafless (1)

18.

Number of flowers

Less than 8 (0) More than 10 (1)

19.

Flower

Pedicelled (0) Sessile to sub-sessile (1)

20.

Sepal fusion

Less than half the length (0) More than half the length (1)

21.

Apex of calyx lobes

Acute (0) Filiform (1)

22.

Hairs on sepals

Absent (0) Simple (1) Glandular (2) Hispid (3) Wooly (4) Simple & glandular (5) Simple & hispid (6) Simple & wooly (7) Glandular & hispid (8) Simple, glandular and wooly (9)

23.

Petal color

Blue, purple or pink (0) Yellow or white (1)

24.

Petal texture

Glabrous (0) Hairy (1)

25.

Petal apex

Acute (0) Obtuse (1)

26.

Petal fusion

Less than half the length (0) More than half the length (1)

27.

Petal lobes

Equal (0) Unequal (1)

28.

Corolla throat

With scales (0) Without scales (1)

29.

No. of stamens

Two (0) Five (1)

30.

Anthers level

Exerted (0) Included (1)

31.

Filaments texture

Glabrous (0) Hairy (1) Reduced (2)

32.

Appendix on anther

Absent (0) Present (1)

33.

Anthers shape

Sagittate (0) Not sagittate (1)

34.

Style texture

Glabrous (0) Hairy (1)

35.

Style origin

Terminal (0) Gynobasic (1)

36.

Style position

Inserted (0) Exerted (1)

37.

Style shape

Bifid (0) Undivided (1)

38.

Stigma shape

Conical (0) Capitate-globose (1)

39.

Stigma length

As long as style or shorter (0) Much longer than style (1)

40.

Ovary texture

Glabrous (0) Hairy (1)

41.

Nectar disk

Absent (0) Present (1)

42.

Gynophore

Absent (0) Present (1)