Table 6 Comparative study of different design antennas
Ref. | Substrate | Conductive material | Dielectric permittivity | Substrate thikness (mm) | Size (mm2) | Gain (dBi) | Effeciency | Operating bands (GHz) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[67] | FR-4 | Patch: CNT GND:Copper | 4.3 | 1.62 | 80 × 80 | 8.86 | 0.95 | 6.63, 7.22, 7.29 |
[50] | Quartz glass | Graphene film | – | – | 20 × 20 | 0.3 5.5 | 0.52 | 8.5, 11.5 |
[68] | PET | Free-standing CNT | 3.5 | – | Patch: 10 × 20 | 3.25 | 0.63 | 1.95 |
[69] | Textile (felt) | Carbon black ink | 1.2 | 3 | Patch: 35 × 35 | 6.1 | 0.39 | 3.3 |
[70] | PMMA and air | Metal Mesh Film (MMF) | 3.7 | 8.5 | 110 × 157 | 6 | – | 2.46–2.75 |
[71] | FR-4 | CNT | 4.4 | – | 30 × 20 | 6.07 | 0.81 | 10 |
[72] | E-glass fiber | Flexible Polymer Matrix composite (FPMC) | 1.17 | 1.3 | 50 × 55 | 7.9 | 0.71 | 5.8 |
[73] | Polyimide (PI) Liquid Cristal (LCP) | CNT | 3.5 2.9 | 0.3 | 18 × 27 19.5 × 29.5 | 2.61 3 | 0.97 0.99 | 2.34–2.56 4.45–5.78 |
Present work (circular) | PMMA | CNT | 2.546 | 1.5 | 27.8 × 47.8 | 6.42 | 0.74 | 5.8 |
Present work (rectangular) | PMMA | CNT | 2.546 | 1.5 | 22.8 × 39.5 | 5.62 | 0.85 | 5.6 |