Fig. 2

a Following the removal of the plantar muscles of the foot, the representation of the FDMB and the potential location of FDML or accessory FDMB were indicated. The FDMB originates from the base of the fifth metatarsal bone and inserts at the base of the proximal phalanx of the fifth digit. The red dots within the rectangle depict potential origins (The 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, attachment sites of tendon of tibialis posterior, peroneus longus muscles, FDMB) for FDML or accessory FDMB in accordance with the literature. The blue dots within the circle illustrate potential insertions (proximal, middle and distal fifth phalanges, head of fifth metatarsal bone, FDMB) for FDML or accessory FDMB according to the literature. b The plantar view following the removal of the first and second layers of plantar muscles of the foot. The square, marked with red dots, indicates potential origins (The 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, tendon of tibialis posterior and peroneus longus muscles, adductor hallucis) while the circle, marked with blue dots, represents potential insertions (proximal, middle and dital phalanges of the fifth toe, fifth metarsal bone, anterior frenular ligament, ODM). Despite its nomenclature, it is more anatomically precise to refer to it as the 'Flexor Digiti Minimi' due to the absence of a longus muscle or tendon in the foot. For greater accuracy, the term 'Flexor Digiti Minimi Pedis' in the foot is recommended