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Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Fig. 5 | Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

Fig. 5

From: The effect of cigarette and e-cigarette smoke on dental pulp stem cells proliferation capacity and differentiation [in vitro study]

Fig. 5

A Alizarin staining of DPSCs on the untreated and co-cultured (TE-p and e-Cig-LV) groups displayed the amount of calcium deposited in differentiated cells (blue arrows). A moderate reduction in stain intensity (orange color) was detected in DPSCs cultured with smoke extract groups, indicating a reduction in calcium deposition. At the same time, the untreated control DPSCs showed an intense bright stain (red) with an increased percentage of stained cells, indicating an increase in calcium deposition. The magnification (40x) (scale bar = 10 μm). B Bar chart showed a significant difference between the calcium deposition of TE-p, e-Cig-LV, and control DPSCs after 14 days of exposure (p < 0.0001). C Bar chart showed a significant difference between the calcium deposition of TE-p, e-Cig-LV, and control DPSCs after 21 days of exposure (p < 0.0001). *: significant difference compared to control DPSCs, #: significant difference compared to DPSCs exposed to TE-p extract

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