Table 1 Target proteins for quercetin in human viruses and their functions
From: Perspectives on plant flavonoid quercetin-based drugs for novel SARS-CoV-2
Sl. no. | Virus | Protein targets for quercetin | Function of target protein | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Rhinovirus | Capsid protein | Mainly protects the virus nucleic acid from digestion by nucleases | [28] |
2. | Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) | 2', 5'-oligo-adenylate synthetasea | RNase L system is an innate immunity pathway that responds to a pathogen-associated molecular pattern | [30] |
3. | Influenza A virus | HA2 subunit of hemagglutinin | HA2 subunit is a part of hemagglutinin responsible for viral-host cell fusion | [31] |
4. | Herpes simplex virus 1 | gD and ICP0 | gD is a structural component of the HSV envelope which is essential for virus entry into host cells. ICP0 is crucial for virus to progress lytic infection and for reactivation from latency | [32] |
5. | Ebola virusb | - | - | [39] |
6. | Zikavirusb | Nonstructural protein 1 | NS1 is known to be a major host-interaction molecule involved in virus replication, pathogenesis, and immune evasion | [40] |
7. | SARS-CoV | 3CLpro | Coronavirus main protease plays key virus replication and packaging | [43] |
8. | Enterovirus 71 | EV71 protease | Play an important role in virus replication and packaging | [44] |
9. | Dengue 2 virus | Viral non-structural 2B and 3 (NS2B-NS3) protease complex | Essential for the polyprotein synthesis precursor prior to the assembly of the viral complex | [45] |